噗庫咪

價值鏈、價值系統、產業鏈與微笑曲線

表一　價值鏈與競爭優勢策略採用

成本優勢
（Cost advantage）

差異化
（Differentiation）

• Economies of scale


• Learning


• Capacity utilization


• Linkages among activities


• Interrelationships among business units


• Degree of vertical integration


• Timing of market entry


• Firm's policy of cost or differentiation


• Geographic location


• Institutional factors (regulation, union activity, taxes, etc.)

• Policies and decisions


• Linkages among activities


• Timing


• Location


• Interrelationships


• Learning


• Integration


• Scale (e.g. better service as a result of large scale)


• Institutional factors

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